Every man is a philosopher. Every man has his own philosophy of life and his special view of the universe. Moreover, his philosophy is important, more important perhaps that he himself knows. It determines his treatment of friends and enemies, his conduct when alone and in society, his attitude towards his home, his work, and his country, his religious beliefs, his ethical standards, his social adjustment and his personal happiness.
Nations, too, through the political or military party in power, have their philosophers of thought and action. Wars are waged and revolutions incited because of the clash of ideologies, the conflict of philippics. It has always been so. World War II is but the latest and most dramatic illustration of the combustible nature of differences in social and political philosophy.
Philosophy, says Plato, begins with wonder. We wonder about the destructive fury of earthquakes, floods, storms, drought, pestilence, famine, and fire, the mysteries of birth and death, pleasure and pain, change and permanence, cruelly and kindness, instincts and ideals, mind and body, the size of the universe and man’s place in it. Our questions are endless. What is man? What is Nature? What is justice? What is duty? Alone among the animals man is concerned about his origin and end, about his purposes and goals, about the meaning of life and the nature of reality. He alone distinguishes between beauty and ugliness, good and evil, the better and the worse. He may be a member of the animal kingdom, but he is also a citizen of the world of ideas and values.
Some of man’s questions have had answers. Where the answer is clear, we call it science or art and move on to higher ground and a new vista of the world. Many of our questions, however, will never have final answers. Men will always discuss the nature of justice and right, the significance of evil, the art of government, the relation of mind and matter, the search for truth, the quest for happiness, the idea of God, and the meaning of reality.
The human race has reflected so long and often on these problems that the same patterns of thought recur in almost every age. We should know what these thoughts are. We should know what answers have been suggested by those who have most influenced ancient and modern thought. We shall want to do our own thinking and find our own answers. It is, however, neither necessary nor advisable to travel alone. Others have helped dispel the darkness, and the light they have kindled may also illuminate our way.
According to Plato, philosophy originated from _____.
本题考查判断推理。第三段第一句“Philosophy, says Plato, begins with wonder.”在柏拉图看来哲学起于迷惑不解。wonder有“迷惑，诧异”的意思。通过下文举得让人思考的例子也可看出哲学起源于我们不知道的东西。故选A。
对待中华民族传统道德，要坚持（ ）的立场。
光明磊落是做人做事的重要品德，其主要表现是（ ）。
一个意志坚强，目标明确的秘书应具备的意志品质是（ ）。
职业纪律要求从业人员必须（ ）。
修饰个人仪表包括（ ）。
在实际工作中，践行诚信职业道德规范。必须（ ）。
办事公道的具体要求有（ ）。
秘书学习政治理论，首先应树立正确的（ ）。
在商业交往中，举止得体的具体要求包括（ ）。
秘书在构筑知识结构时，应当坚持的原则是（ ）。
