Passage4Insuranceisthesharingo-考网

Passage 4

Insurance is the sharing of risks.Nearly everyone is exposed to risk of some sort.The house-owner,for example,knows that his property can be damaged by fire;the ship-owner knows that his vessel may be lost at sea;the breadwinner knows that he may die at an early age and leave his family the poorer.On the other hand,not every house is damaged by fire nor every vessel lost at sea.If these persons each put a small sum into a pool,there will be enough to meet the needs of the few who do suffer loss.In other words,the losses of the few are met from the contributions of the many.This is the basis of insurance.Those who pay the contribution are known as"insured"and those who administer the pool of contributions as"insurers".

Not all risks lend themselves to being covered by insurance.Broadly speaking,the ordinary risks of business and speculation cannot be covered.The risk that buyers will not buy goods at the prices offered is not of a kind that can be statistically estimated—and risks can only be insured against if they can be so estimated.

The legal basis of all insurance is the"policy".This is the printed form of contract on paper of the best quality.It states that in return for the regular payment by the insured of a named sum of money,called the"premium",which is usually paid every year,the insurer will pay a sum of money or compensation for loss,if the risk or event insured against actually happens.The wording of policies,particularly in marine insurance,often seems very old-fashioned,but there is a sound reason for this.Over a large number of years many law cases have been brought to clear up the meaning of doubtful phrases in policies.The law courts,in their judgments,have given these phrases a definite and indisputable meaning,and to avoid future disputes the phrases have continued to be used in policies even when they have passed out of normal use in speech.

According to this passage,insurance is possible because（　　）.

A.only a small proportion of the insured suffer loss
B.everyone at some time suffers loss
C.nearly everyone suffers loss
D.only insured people suffer loss

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答案： A

本题解析：

根据第一段Nearly everyone is exposed to risk of some sort.可知每个人都有面临损失，但通过后面的举例以及…there will be enough to meet the needs of the few who do suffer loss…This is the basis of insurance.可知这种损失只有一小部分人遭受，所以这就使得保险变成可能，选项A表述正确。选项BCD表述均过于肯定，故本题正确答案选A。