Text 2 Pretty in pink:adult women do not remember being so obsessed with the colour,yet it is pervasive in our young girls'lives.It is not that pink is intrinsically bad,but it is such a tiny slice of the rainbow and,though it may celebrate girlhood in one way,it also repeatedly and firmly fuses girls'identity to appearance.Then it presents that connection,even among twoyearolds,between girls as not only innocent but as evidence of innocence.Looking around,I despaired at the singular lack of imagination about girls'lives and interests.Girls'attraction to pink may seem unavoidable,somehow encoded in their DNA,but according to Jo Paoletti,an associate professor of American Studies,it is not.Children were not colourcoded at all until the early 20th century:in the era before domestic washing machines all babies wore white as a practical matter,since the only way of getting clothes clean was to boil them.What's more,both boys and girls wore what were thought of as genderneutral dresses.When nursery colours were introduced,pink was actually considered the more masculine colour,a pastel version of red,which was associated with strength.Blue,with its intimations of the Virgin Mary,constancy and faithfulness,symbolized femininity.It was not until the mid1980s，when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant children's marketing strategy,that pink fully came into its own,when it began to seem inherently attractive to girls,part of what defined them as female,at least for the first few critical years.I had not realized how profoundly marketing trends dictated our perception of what is natural to kids,including our core beliefs about their psychological development.Take the toddler.I assumed that phase was something experts developed after years of research into children's behavior:wrong.Turns out,according to Daniel Cook,a historian of childhood consumerism,it was popularized as a marketing trick by clothing manufacturers in the 1930s.Trade publications counselled department stores that,in order to increase sales,they should create a“third stepping stone”between infant wear and older kids'clothes.It was only after“toddler”became a common shoppers'term that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage.Splitting kids,or adults,into evertinier categories has proved a surefire way to boost profits.And one of the easiest ways to segment a market is to magnify gender differences—or invent them where they did not previously exist.
The author suggests that our perception of children's psychological development was much influenced by_____
细节题【命题思路】这是一道局部细节题，需要根据题干的关键信息对文章相关内容进行锁定，从而在准确定位之后得出答案。【直击答案】根据题干关键词“perception of children's psychological development”定位到文章第三段第一句：我没有意识到，市场营销趋势很大程度上影响了我们对儿童天性的认识，包括我们对他们心理发展的核心认识。言外之意是，对儿童的心理发展的认识多受市场营销的支配，由此确定A项是对该句的同义替换。【干扰排除】B项，该段首句谈及的是市场营销影响了对儿童天性的认识，包括对儿童心理发展的认识，而非心理发展受儿童天性的影响，偷换概念。C项可以定位到本段“I assumed that…behavior:wrong.”，该项内容与原文信息相反。D项的干扰来自于本段末句，该段提到一位研究儿童消费主义的历史学家认为儿童学步的阶段也是深受营销技巧的影响，但并没有提到该项研究对儿童心理发展认识的影响。
