The ordinary family in colonial North America was primarily concerned with sheer physical survival and beyond that, is own economic prosperity. Thus, children were valued in terms of their productivity, and they assumed the role of producer quite early. Until they fulfilled this role, their position in the structure of the family was one of subordination（从属）, and their psychological needs and capacities received little consideration.
As the society became more complex, the status of children in the family and in the society became more important. In the complex, technological society that the United States has become, each member must fulfill a number of personal and occupational roles and be in constant contact with a great many other members. Consequently, viewing children as potentially acceptable members of society means that they are regarded more as people in their own right than as utilitarian organisms. This acceptance of children as equal participants in the contemporary family is reflected in the variety of statutes protecting the rights of children and in the social public welfare programs devoted exclusively to their well-being.
This new way of children and the increasing contact between the members of society has also resulted in a great interest in child-rearing techniques. People today spend a considerable portion of their time on the proper way to bring up children. It is now possible to influence the details of the socialization of another person's child by spreading the principle of current and fashionable theories and methods of child-rearing.
It can be inferred from the passage that formal schooling in colonial North America was ____.（ ）
推理判断题。第一段讲述了殖民地时期美国儿童在家庭和社会中的地位，在他们发挥他们的角色作用之前，他们只是家庭结构的从属者，由此可推断出殖民地时期正式的教育对他们来说相对不是太重要。
Hobbs was an orphan. He worked in a factory every day and he got a little money. Hard work changed him thin and weak. He wanted to borrow a lot of money to learn painting pictures, but he did not think he could pay off the debts.
One day the lawyer said to him," One thousand dollars, and here is the money. "As Hobbs took the package of notes, he was very dumbfounded. He didn't know where the money came from and how to spend it. He said to himself, "I could go to find a hotel and live like a rich man for a few days; or I give up my work in the factory and do what I'd like to do: painting pictures. I could do that for a few weeks, but what would I do after that? I should have lost my place of the factory and have no money to live on. If it were a little less money, I would buy a new coat, or a radio, or give a dinner to my friends. If it were more, I could give up the work and pay for painting pictures. But it's too much for one and too little for the other."
"Here is the reading of your uncle's will", said the lawyer, "telling what is to be done with this money after his death. I must ask you to remember one point. Your uncle has said you must bring me a paper showing exactly what you did with his money, as soon as you have spent it. "Yes, I see. I'll do that." said the young man.
With the money he got, first Hobbs ____.（ ）
Hobbs was an orphan. He worked in a factory every day and he got a little money. Hard work changed him thin and weak. He wanted to borrow a lot of money to learn painting pictures, but he did not think he could pay off the debts.
One day the lawyer said to him," One thousand dollars, and here is the money. "As Hobbs took the package of notes, he was very dumbfounded. He didn't know where the money came from and how to spend it. He said to himself, "I could go to find a hotel and live like a rich man for a few days; or I give up my work in the factory and do what I'd like to do: painting pictures. I could do that for a few weeks, but what would I do after that? I should have lost my place of the factory and have no money to live on. If it were a little less money, I would buy a new coat, or a radio, or give a dinner to my friends. If it were more, I could give up the work and pay for painting pictures. But it's too much for one and too little for the other."
"Here is the reading of your uncle's will", said the lawyer, "telling what is to be done with this money after his death. I must ask you to remember one point. Your uncle has said you must bring me a paper showing exactly what you did with his money, as soon as you have spent it. "Yes, I see. I'll do that." said the young man.
Why was Hobbs dumbfounded on receiving the money?（ ）
Hobbs was an orphan. He worked in a factory every day and he got a little money. Hard work changed him thin and weak. He wanted to borrow a lot of money to learn painting pictures, but he did not think he could pay off the debts.
One day the lawyer said to him," One thousand dollars, and here is the money. "As Hobbs took the package of notes, he was very dumbfounded. He didn't know where the money came from and how to spend it. He said to himself, "I could go to find a hotel and live like a rich man for a few days; or I give up my work in the factory and do what I'd like to do: painting pictures. I could do that for a few weeks, but what would I do after that? I should have lost my place of the factory and have no money to live on. If it were a little less money, I would buy a new coat, or a radio, or give a dinner to my friends. If it were more, I could give up the work and pay for painting pictures. But it's too much for one and too little for the other."
"Here is the reading of your uncle's will", said the lawyer, "telling what is to be done with this money after his death. I must ask you to remember one point. Your uncle has said you must bring me a paper showing exactly what you did with his money, as soon as you have spent it. "Yes, I see. I'll do that." said the young man.
Why did Hobbs want to borrow money?（ ）
In most schools of the United States, students attend classes for 5 days each week. Schools are required to hold classes for about 180 days a year. Recently, schools in some areas of the country have begun experimenting with the new teaching arrangement of holding classes for 4 days a week. Classes would meet either Monday through Thursday, or Tuesday through Friday. Some schools in 12 American states are now using that schedule（日程安排）.
The students still have the same number of total hours in class as before. But they attend school for a longer time on each of the 4 days. In Colorado, schools on the four-day week hold classes for seven-and-one-half hours a day for 144 days. Traditional（传统的）schools meet for 6 hours a day for 180 days.
Many schools on a four-day schedule offer special programs, trips or sports meets on the fifth day. Officials say this gives students even more time in class than on the traditional schedule. Students do not have to miss school to go to the events. They can also go to doctors or deal with other important affairs on the fifth day.
The main reason for shortening the school week is that many small schools can save money by not providing meals or transportation for students on the fifth day. And they say research shows that students are not harmed by shorter week.
How long should the students spend in school in a day according to the new schedule?（ ）
In most schools of the United States, students attend classes for 5 days each week. Schools are required to hold classes for about 180 days a year. Recently, schools in some areas of the country have begun experimenting with the new teaching arrangement of holding classes for 4 days a week. Classes would meet either Monday through Thursday, or Tuesday through Friday. Some schools in 12 American states are now using that schedule（日程安排）.
The students still have the same number of total hours in class as before. But they attend school for a longer time on each of the 4 days. In Colorado, schools on the four-day week hold classes for seven-and-one-half hours a day for 144 days. Traditional（传统的）schools meet for 6 hours a day for 180 days.
Many schools on a four-day schedule offer special programs, trips or sports meets on the fifth day. Officials say this gives students even more time in class than on the traditional schedule. Students do not have to miss school to go to the events. They can also go to doctors or deal with other important affairs on the fifth day.
The main reason for shortening the school week is that many small schools can save money by not providing meals or transportation for students on the fifth day. And they say research shows that students are not harmed by shorter week.
Which of the following is WRONG about the four-day schedule?（ ）
In most schools of the United States, students attend classes for 5 days each week. Schools are required to hold classes for about 180 days a year. Recently, schools in some areas of the country have begun experimenting with the new teaching arrangement of holding classes for 4 days a week. Classes would meet either Monday through Thursday, or Tuesday through Friday. Some schools in 12 American states are now using that schedule（日程安排）.
The students still have the same number of total hours in class as before. But they attend school for a longer time on each of the 4 days. In Colorado, schools on the four-day week hold classes for seven-and-one-half hours a day for 144 days. Traditional（传统的）schools meet for 6 hours a day for 180 days.
Many schools on a four-day schedule offer special programs, trips or sports meets on the fifth day. Officials say this gives students even more time in class than on the traditional schedule. Students do not have to miss school to go to the events. They can also go to doctors or deal with other important affairs on the fifth day.
The main reason for shortening the school week is that many small schools can save money by not providing meals or transportation for students on the fifth day. And they say research shows that students are not harmed by shorter week.
What change does the four-day school week bring about?（ ）
In most schools of the United States, students attend classes for 5 days each week. Schools are required to hold classes for about 180 days a year. Recently, schools in some areas of the country have begun experimenting with the new teaching arrangement of holding classes for 4 days a week. Classes would meet either Monday through Thursday, or Tuesday through Friday. Some schools in 12 American states are now using that schedule（日程安排）.
The students still have the same number of total hours in class as before. But they attend school for a longer time on each of the 4 days. In Colorado, schools on the four-day week hold classes for seven-and-one-half hours a day for 144 days. Traditional（传统的）schools meet for 6 hours a day for 180 days.
Many schools on a four-day schedule offer special programs, trips or sports meets on the fifth day. Officials say this gives students even more time in class than on the traditional schedule. Students do not have to miss school to go to the events. They can also go to doctors or deal with other important affairs on the fifth day.
The main reason for shortening the school week is that many small schools can save money by not providing meals or transportation for students on the fifth day. And they say research shows that students are not harmed by shorter week.
How many teaching hours do most of the schools have in the U. S.? （ ）
This is not a diet（减肥食谱）—or a hard exercise program. Nobody can stick to those for long. Instead, it's a simple way to make weight loss a natural part of the life you already live. And guess what? It's fun! You don't have to give up the foods you love or do regular exercises. It's about balancing calories（平衡卡路里）in tiny ways that add up to big benefits（好处）. You just use some tricks the "naturally thin" people do. Pick the ones you like, stick with them, and you'll lose weight and be strong!
Talk it up. Every time you pick up the phone, stand up and walk around. Heavy people sit on average two and a half hours more every day than thin people, according to a study.
Get face time. We use e-mail so much that we've forgotten what our colleagues look like. Pick a colleague or two who sit farthest from you and deliver 10 of those daily messages in person. And go out of your way: go to a bathroom or a copy machine on another floor—and take the stairs, of course.
Think about your drink. Consider beer or wine instead of a frozen drink: A glass of regular beer has 140 calories and a serving of wine has 126 calories, while a strawberry daiquiri has about 300 and a margarita 340.
Reduce a total of 100 calories each day and you'll be able to lose about 10 pounds in a year. This is really not difficult to do.
Which of the following probably contains the least calories?（ ）
This is not a diet（减肥食谱）—or a hard exercise program. Nobody can stick to those for long. Instead, it's a simple way to make weight loss a natural part of the life you already live. And guess what? It's fun! You don't have to give up the foods you love or do regular exercises. It's about balancing calories（平衡卡路里）in tiny ways that add up to big benefits（好处）. You just use some tricks the "naturally thin" people do. Pick the ones you like, stick with them, and you'll lose weight and be strong!
Talk it up. Every time you pick up the phone, stand up and walk around. Heavy people sit on average two and a half hours more every day than thin people, according to a study.
Get face time. We use e-mail so much that we've forgotten what our colleagues look like. Pick a colleague or two who sit farthest from you and deliver 10 of those daily messages in person. And go out of your way: go to a bathroom or a copy machine on another floor—and take the stairs, of course.
Think about your drink. Consider beer or wine instead of a frozen drink: A glass of regular beer has 140 calories and a serving of wine has 126 calories, while a strawberry daiquiri has about 300 and a margarita 340.
Reduce a total of 100 calories each day and you'll be able to lose about 10 pounds in a year. This is really not difficult to do.
What does "face time" mean in Paragraph 3?（ ）
This is not a diet（减肥食谱）—or a hard exercise program. Nobody can stick to those for long. Instead, it's a simple way to make weight loss a natural part of the life you already live. And guess what? It's fun! You don't have to give up the foods you love or do regular exercises. It's about balancing calories（平衡卡路里）in tiny ways that add up to big benefits（好处）. You just use some tricks the "naturally thin" people do. Pick the ones you like, stick with them, and you'll lose weight and be strong!
Talk it up. Every time you pick up the phone, stand up and walk around. Heavy people sit on average two and a half hours more every day than thin people, according to a study.
Get face time. We use e-mail so much that we've forgotten what our colleagues look like. Pick a colleague or two who sit farthest from you and deliver 10 of those daily messages in person. And go out of your way: go to a bathroom or a copy machine on another floor—and take the stairs, of course.
Think about your drink. Consider beer or wine instead of a frozen drink: A glass of regular beer has 140 calories and a serving of wine has 126 calories, while a strawberry daiquiri has about 300 and a margarita 340.
Reduce a total of 100 calories each day and you'll be able to lose about 10 pounds in a year. This is really not difficult to do.
Which of the following statements is WRONG according to the passage?（ ）
