结合实例分析影响迁移的主要因素。-考网

结合实例分析影响迁移的主要因素。

查看答案纠错

答案：

本题解析：

[答案要点]第一，相似性。两项学习任务中含有共同成分的多少决定相似性的大小，如所含共同成分较多将产生较大的相似性，并导致迁移的产生。以学习材料的相似性为例，英语和法语这两种学习材料在很多方面具有相似性，因此彼此之间很容易产生正迁移。而英语和汉语之间的共同成分较少，相对而言，不容易产生迁移。

第二，原有认知结构。原有认知结构对后继学习的影响是比较常见的一种迁移方式，原有认知结构的特征直接决定了迁移的可能性及迁移的程度。原有认知对迁移的影响主要表现在以下三个方面：

(1)学习者是否拥有相应的背景知识，是迁移产生的基本前提条件。

(2)已有知识经验的概括水平。已有知识经验的概括水平越高，迁移的可能性越大，效果越好；已有知识经验的概括水平越低，迁移的范围越小，效果也越差。

(3)学习者是否具有相应的认知技能或策略以及对认知活动进行调节、控制的元认知策略，这也影响着迁移的产生。

第三，学习的心向和定势。先前的学习对后面同类或相似课题的学习的影响即为学习定势。许多实验表明，学习定势对新课题的解决有两方面的作用：促进和阻碍。陆钦斯的“量杯”实验是定势影响迁移的一个典型例证。

你可能感兴趣的试题

判断题

我国保护少年儿童权益的专项法律是《中华人民共和国未成年人保护法》。（　　）

查看答案

问答题

根据以下材料，回答题

If you don′t think a phone is the rightgift for a lover, the smart choice this year is a smart phone.

For people who don′t read instructions

The easiest-to-use phone is the iPhone. It′sthat has pushed it to the No.1 selling position, surpassing the Motorola Razr.The iPhone′s touch screen is easy to operate and it′s also easy to customize (用户化). The iPhone can run allsorts of applications such as those help you to lose weight, identify a song onthe radio, find a restaurant or do many other things.

For the futurist

The T-Mobile G1 is very popular as it is thefirst phone to offer a Google browser, meaning that you′re getting the real webon your phone, but it′s the phone′s potential that qualifies it for the futurist.The exciting applications are interesting, but they don′t always work smoothly.Sometimes it is hard to use the applications it comes with. The system shouldimprove as it becomes more popular, so it holds great promise. With fewrestrictions on the design of applications for the phone,

the G1 could be the first phone toincorporate (整合) some of the coolest.

For the road warrior

The new BlackBerry Storm is something likethe equivalent (等同物) of a mullet--a business up front, party in the back. It stillincorporates the serious mail and organization features that have endeared (使受钟爱) these phones to business people. The 3.25-inch is bright anddetailed and it′s a decent size for watching videos on the go.

For the Luddite (反对技术进步的人)

For those who can′t handle buttons and newfeatures, there is the Samsung Jitterbug Dial. Some people are Luddites whojust want a few large buttons to make calls. That′s it, just calls. That makesit even easier to use an iPhone.

What would be the best title forthe passage (no more than 6 words)

________________________________________________________________________

查看答案

单选题

MP3（　　）。